The concept of electronic banking options, patterns and acceptance and rejection.
1-1 of financial services on-line based on the idea of e-BankingThe term or the term e-Banking (Electronic Banking) or banks online (Internet Banking) as an advanced and comprehensive concepts that have emerged in the early nineties as a concept of financial services by remote control or electronic banking remotely (Remote Electronic Banking) or Bank home (Home Banking) or Bank on-line (Online Banking) or financial services Self (Self - Service Banking), all of which are expressions that relate to the fact that customers manage their accounts and completion of their work related to the bank through the home or office or anywhere else in the time that the customer wants, and is expressed in words (financial service in all the time and from any place), and the customer is usually related to its accounts at the bank and gain access to it and make what offered his service by a special line, and the evolution of the concept of this with the prevalence of the Internet as possible to the customer access through public participation via the Internet, but kept the idea of service financial remotely based on the presence of suitable software within the computer system, the customer, in the sense that the bank provides the client machine (PC PC) package of software - either for free or for a fee financial - and this enables it to carry out a certain distance (World DV), or was the customer receives a package of software required by purchase from the providers, and I knew these packages as software, financial management personal (Personal-Financial-management PFM), such as a package (Microsoft's Money) and the package (ntuits Quicken) and package (Meca's Managing Your Money), etc. This concept of services Finance is the distance expressed by the Bank and a realistic personal computer (PC banking) and a concept-based format is still the most common in the world of e-banking.1-2 the evolution of the idea of the service after the birth of electronic banking in its modern meaningIn the presence of the Internet and the popularity and the increase in users, and in light of the tremendous development in the techniques of computing and communication that have achieved rapid exchange and comprehensive information within the policy and plans flow smooth the data and the concept of information is on the line, and coincided with the investment of the Internet in the field of business mail within the concepts of e-business and e-commerce , and with the increasing reliance on computing systems in the management of activities and increasing the economic value of information as an entity moral Lamcy is selected strategic success in the sectors of business, finance, financial investment, in light of all that, the evolution of the concept of financial services on the line, turns to the idea than just the implementation of works by a special line and through the system software the client computer, to a bank to exist entirely on the network and contains its all software required for business banking, and on top of that evolution of the concept of banking to perform services for special financial accounts for the client to do the services of finance, financial consulting and investment services, trade and financial management, and others.
The electronic banking - also known as banks or online banks (Web) (Internet Banking or Web Banking) - despite its relationship to the PC, it did not take all the characteristics and content of the concept of Bank PC Advanced referred to, Valbermjiat running the bank's website is not in the system computer, the customer, and interest of so great The bank or provider software is not obliged to send new releases and sophisticated software for the client whenever developed, and can by virtue of that also introduces the client to the accounts and to the site of the bank and its services from any other system in any place or any time, not only through his computer on, as is the case in the idea of domestic bank or the bank on the line. Also, learn to use the software is no longer a requirement as a liability on the bank, the site allows it, and many of the sites software like provide such a definition, and above all, the bank via the Internet, or bank online, allowing entrances to the customer at sites allied or similar or complementary services, as sites card issuing and management of financial, or security of information exchanged, or certificates of contracting institutions, sites, documentation, or stock trading sites or any other sites offer any style or type of financial services or consulting the host through the bank or its partners.
And electronic banking in its modern meaning is not merely a branch of the Bank is based provides financial services, but also a site financially commercially administrative consultant a comprehensive, has an independent existence on the line, if deficit the bank itself about the performance of service of these frameworks solution was to resort to the linked sites that are usually contracted with them to the services through the same site the bank, but that one of the most important challenges of competition in the field of electronic banking that financial institutions offer online services were the preserve of banks in the traditional sense or sense to be in the legislation of banking regulation, and not surprising to find businesses or organizations of a marketing exercise Pursuant banking purely caused by their distinctive to manage the site of Mali on the network, and became a bank a real sense yet known whether it depends - through the lines associated with them - on the banks list, Some shopping sites-mail, as shops selling books, based on commercial banks accepted the enforcement of payment cash and the transfer of accounts, and found these companies the same after a while have the means to Cash technical, you can create rules of bank accounts, private clients, and give them within the policies of marketing facilities to meet their obligations towards it, and as they were not want contact with institutions doing business bank account is opened, and the granting of credit, Cash management, and transfer the money, and the issuance of credit cards for their customers and meet, among others. This - on the other - to create in front of the legislative institutions of the existing major challenge on the extent of allowing organizations to non-bank to do banking business, and whether the censorship rules and procedures assigned usually the institutions of banking supervision central banks and the like, apply to these institutions, along with the challenge of forcing these institutions to observe standards and rules prescribed by the banking supervision bodies.
Therefore, in accordance with the foregoing, the Bank refers to the electronic system that allows the customer access to accounts or any information they want and get the various banking products and services through a network of information related his computer or any other means.
1-3 in the patterns of electronic banking and services.
Not every site of the Bank on the Internet means a bank electronically, and will continue standard for determining the bank's website questionable in our environment that the Arab is setting the standard legislative disciplined in this field.
According to studies of global and specific studies of supervision and control points of the U.S. and Europe, there are three basic picture of the electronic banking on the Internet: -
First: - Location Information,Informational, the level of the main banks, electronic, or what might be called in a minimum of electronic banking activity, and through him, the bank provides information about its programs and its products and services.
Second: - interactive or communicationCommunicative site to allow some kind of communication exchange between the bank and its clients such as your e-mail and fill requests for forms or on-line or modify the information restrictions and accounts.
Third: - Cross-SiteTransactional and this is the level at which it can be said that the bank which shall exercise its services and activities in an electronic environment, which includes this image to allow the customer access to its accounts, management and make cash payments and to meet the value of bills and conduct all the services informative and make transfers between accounts within the bank or with third parties.
As we shall see, consequently, the review of the reality of the banking website, the majority of banks in the world have established one way or another sites information is of such promotional material, and turned most of the sites to use some means of interactive communication with the customer, as opposed to sites reciprocity, which is still trends banks so are subject to several considerations, this means the ability of sites to deal with customer service after banking and through the Internet, and perhaps this is what makes us stick to clarify it by saying that later that electronic banking is but the banks that fall within the third type of patterns developed.
The correct understanding of each level of the advanced levels required to stand on the services that intimate the bank in each level, are shown in Table No. 1 banking services for each type of species developed.
Table No. 11
Patterns and content of electronic banking services, including the approval of each styleInformation deliveryBasic interactivity levelIntermediary level of interactivityAdvanced interactivity levelElectronic brochureIntermediary level of interactivityUse customizing resourcesPromotional informationReport downloadsSome subscription optionWays for contact the bankRecruitment formsAdvertisementSpecial offer announcementsHot links to other sitesDiscussion groups.Banks use the Web to improve relationship with customersBasic interactivity levelIntermediary interactivity levelThe advanced level of interactivitye-mail and forms are the ways a client has to make suggestions and complainsadvising tools (as calculators, for example)More advanced technologies, such as videoconference,
The Web is a vehicle for the most common transactionsLowest level of interactivityIntermediary interactivity levelAdvanced level of interactivityOpening accountsA client can have access for information on accounts through balance and statementPromoting the use of some e-cash as a way to develop transactions through the Web.Requesting products and services.Fund transferCard requestsBill paymentsInvestment and credit applicationsClient has to have some access to the bank database
1-4 change the conviction on the basis of the security of Internet e-banks, the growing convictionFrom a short period ago we did not hear one recognizes that the Internet is a safe environment, and perhaps still we with to say that achieving an acceptable degree of security on the network has become the most important requirements of the twins with entitlements, and become the problem of information security is more severe for cash transfers in all its forms. However, the trend towards acceptance of the Internet medium of exchange is increasing day by day, perhaps because of the prevalence of attention to its security, and specifically through the creation growing in the field of the means of security, technical and information security, as well as attention to the legislative and regulatory framework to provide protection for data and information online, and, perhaps, because banks are major players entered the battle and gradually narrowing opportunities to choose between working on the network or stay outside, and moving the market factors and marketing strategies and management to invest online environment to work, because it occupies a place expands day by day in the field of commercial and financial activity.
That users are increasing their convictions verification level of security, but their choices will depend on the effectiveness of security measures, and here was the first challenge for policymakers is the information security and protect the workplace from intrusion of external and internal, and perhaps the more factors contribute to the trend towards the acceptance of financial transactions on the network emergence and the existence of insurance policies on the risks of doing business over the network, and we all know that as far as availability of insurance risk fading away the fear of winning, because the money is guaranteed, if not because of the imposed and required by insurance companies of the procedures the safety and security, thanks to the presence of compensation upon the fulfillment of the danger.
1-5 Why do electronic banking?????
That the customer need to get a solution to his problem and not view a present for him, this is the first finding, which is realizing the raison d'être of the bank's website, but the basis of his success, for this was the site of company E-Loan specialized lending-mail - for example - unique among all other sites-like and distinguishes it from the points of non-electronic lending, because it is not just a site that shows lending by technical means, but because it helps users to identify and account their needs and choices required to solve their problems and then offers a package of offers and services that are consistent with the desire and request of the client.
The first rule is that the wrong question about the required service outputs lead to false, which means that the building of the bank's website should be launched from the input is correct, if a customer asked us what is your bank, was the answer I want to make a payment on-line or other options I want on account checks his or I want to open adoption or, or I want to lending transaction fast, this question wrong for the future of work and excellence in service, but that we asked him, what is your problem that you want that offer a solution, perhaps the answer he was concerned the education of his children, or develop his business or afraid of retirement or so, and then the solution to what we offer in line with an integrated, comprehensive customer's request involves more than one service,That banks are non-electronic, provide part of the solutions to the problems of the customer, but does not provide comprehensive solutions or provide partial solutions Pklv high, if we know that the competition is tough in the labor market banking, and address of the universal service and the fastest cost at least, the electronic banking opportunity to achieve the rates the best to compete and survive in the market, simply, the conjecture that the bank's website just administration of the banking and financial accounts thought wrong, because the technique allows the customer itself to run such a business does not care about them, that the presence of the bank's website depends on its ability to shift to the site for information and place for a solution based on correct information , it's an institution for advice, and to open employment prospects, it's a place for investment opportunities and management, a place to service the financial fast cheapest to place for management excellence to the needs of the customer no matter how different, the place of what could be called, pause shopping one (One - stop shopping). As a Intuit Quicken. Com as the user notice that this site provides financial services and tax and advisory, investment and aggressive displays of comprehensive services converge with the requirements of customers to solve their problems.
Also, the trend towards Cash-mail associated with commerce sites and e-business provides a justification for the construction of electronic banking, insurance companies oil, aviation, hotels, ... etc going steady and confident about the payment across the line or electronic payment, which processes require - if not the company's website provides cash means of payment - the existence of bank accounts or the accounts of conversion or the like, and leave the arena without the presence of means paying sectors referred to the practice of acts of on-line to meet the financial needs that are not third-banking specialist.
And resort to electronic banking, resort to one of the means of competition and risks of competition anti, who is also the resort to provide comprehensive services shortly from a limited number of staff and meet cost less, considering that the bank's website provides the cost of the assets of the actual existence of the bank (headquarters, staff and expenses, branches, etc.) But we know that abundance in the cost of providing the service does not have to go back to the bank itself, it does not assess a difference between them and the services that are not electronic, so the electronic banking on the basis of other key is that the abundance in the cost of service revenue participatory between the bank and the customer, hence the allowances to provide service to the customer plays much less than for similar non-electronic services.
May not be true to say one of the most electronic banking researchers said the trend towards electronic banking inevitable directs a message to the traditional banks - as he calls it - content of the game is over, (Game is Over), in perhaps an exaggeration, it is still working banking - especially in his attempts catch up with technology and technology investment - in place and thriving, but the fear of dramatic developments in time are not available to us the ability nor the options for the twins with her, or perhaps we may then too late in light of the fact that the early presence on the network is an important success factors.
2 Orientation of financial transactions on the Internet and the reality of electronic bankingA study on the value of electronic banking conducted by the magazine Internet Arab World(Which is in two parts published on the spacing between them) that one of the surveys conducted by the company efunds, a company to transfer money electronically owned institution deluxe corporation "refers to the completion of banking business on the Web, is still very complicated, and that many of the clients what Zalo apprehensive in terms of security., says Matheolaolr, chief executives of the company Online Resources, which provides banking services online for about 400 companies in the United States: "This is a big problem, and there seems to be grumbling widely among consumers, who are demanding simplification of these services," and attracted the study Survey conducted by the company Delux, comments from 400 people to have a bank account immediately, or I look a desire to open accounts of this kind. said 365 people of whom (83 percent), that their dealings with banks across the Inter Net the best of their dealings with the conventional banks. It is the best benefits enjoyed by them, their ability to access their accounts during the four-hour, daily, and their ability to view account balances, and review of payroll movements they make to their account, immediately, in addition to their enjoyment of the service to pay their bills over the network and said 88 people (20 percent), from who participated in the study that they undertook the registration process, to get a bank account online, but they have not completed those actions. said 28 percent of them they do not trust the security of transactions instant and said 26 percent of those who have not completed the procedures for obtaining the accounts via the Internet, that this process requires print many forms, and mail or fax, and said 25 percent of them that the process of the deposit money is appropriate because it requires the deposit of paper checks. "and" the magazine said that "the results of a survey the other conducted by the Foundation pis global showed that 7% of U.S. homes harness services Internet Banking, an increase of 67% of what was the case in 1998, the study predicted that the proportion of U.S. households used online banking services to 20% in 2002. In spite of Manhattan's future integrated financial services over the Internet promises great success but the results of the study issues relating to remember that customer service still needs great efforts to improve it [the Arab World Internet Magazine - 4 page 17].
Does not stop financial transactions on the Internet in the range of banking relationships or dealings shopping in e-commerce environment, as their part to highlight the Securities and Exchange over the Internet, in theRecent years created a large number of companies and individuals own sites on the Internet in the field of activities, trading stocks (stock exchange), and origin in the Acts of mediation exercised by the points of the brokerage, for these bodies to commission instead of its services, which are in the online environment is lower than in the real world, and here show advantage of the exploitation of the Internet.
Another advantage is that the world of online stock market offered an opportunity of dealing and investment activities in such small amounts, thus opening the door for opportunities to invest capital funds are low.
2-1 trends in international banks in the field of electronic banking.
The analysis that we have had on the electronic banking sites in addition to research studies from different research institutions, which we refer to in more than one place of this chapter and we are dealing with in detail in the fourth book of this encyclopedia, show the following: -
Majority of the banks' websites on the Internet sites and is not identifiable information sites on-line banking services.There is a tendency for an international presence on the internet, but according to the strategic assessment, the mere presence Theonline is not intended to be as much as what is required of investment activity in this environment effectively and ably.That many of the Web sites of research provides entries inclusive of all banks' websites on the internet and this means the user's ability to move between these sites easily accessible to the best offers available, hence, the most important strategy in the reality of online banking is to be aware of in charge of it that everyone sees you and what you think outstanding may be normal for others.Is still the United States in the forefront of countries in the field of automation of banking, however, among the 10 thousand banks and financial institutions there are an estimated 3,500 site share some of many institutions, and that the search engines broader unable to bring in more than 30% of the these sites, search engines and almost repeated the names of about 20-30 is the site of major banks and some of the small banks, due to the success of these banks in the adoption of mechanisms to spread across global search engines allows different users to link to it better than other sites
The majority of sites referred to in the foregoing sites of knowledge and information, but will not take too short a transition to the sites of service relations interact directly with the customer, as it is in between 1997 and 2000 the percentage of the trend to interactive sites approximately 80% according to studies that we refer to it, consequently, .
Show summaries of research studies on the electronic banking in America, which covers the actual reality of this bank from 1997 until the end of 2000 - the most important conducted by the Administrator of National BanksComptroller of the Currency - to the growing trend towards building sites interactive electronic banks, and describes the following formats - which we see it provides sufficient clarification - A summary of this study. (See Figure 1 which shows the proportion of banks - according to their size - that have established positions on the Internet, and Figure 2 which shows the proportion of sites reciprocity among these banks, and plans for banks to provide interactive on-line, and Figure 3, which shows the growth in the proportion of sites reciprocity to the banks on electronic network referred to the source of these shapes demonstration)
2-2 business strategies of electronic banks, and the elements of success and failure
How do banks Alalktroyna??? It is practiced electronic banking, banks or others??? What are the banking services on the network and content trends and mechanisms??? What is the reality of work and electronic banking to the Arab network??? What are the requirements for successful work and elements of excellence? The answer to these questions require facts to stand in front of a digital research results to provide a structure for objective assessment and determine the answer: -
Facts about banking operations across the network: -
Internet is an interactive medium for the business environment in general, it is the user's perspective of the individual, a suitable environment for the completion of banking operations such as: - checking and personal checking accounts, pay bills .... Etc., and provides the user effortless transition and filling out forms and help to get rid of the requirements and the corresponding effort (physical) with the employee. Either from the perspective of the business, it means to reduce operational costs, and the founding of the branches and thus increase profits and reduce service charges customers to different processes and increase the benefits of filing and reduce the benefits of lending, and creating new programs and stimulate the services and attract customers and enter new markets.
The first bank default on the Internet Bank (Community Bank)Has grown its business from 1995 until now, an increase over the past year 717%.
In the opinion of the International Research Foundation www.idc.com that applications and software trading, electronic banking will serve as a ready-made recipe to help banks to enter the e-market banks and keep their customers. The total sales of ready-made packages 93,000,326 million in the years 98 and 99, respectively. In America alone, and signed a credit institution 1200 in 1998 Agreements supply of electronic software solutions, has increased to 7200 in 1999.
And electronic banking is not limited to banking institutions may even be the lead in projects due to the intervention points of non-bank to meet the needs of e-marketing practiced by their location, and who study the development of online market - so to speak - to find that sectors other than banking has entered a strong investment market in e-Banking , either by: -
A - direct investment. Such as: - Sony www.sony.com where the bank is set up provides lending services, credit, and company Softbank, which owns www.softbanck.com both www.yahoo.com and have Zdnet
And E-trade, and have nothing to do actual work bank has purchased a Japanese bank bankrupt (Nippon Credit Bank).
B - To provide service platforms for the trading bank such as: - America Online www.aol.com, which set up a Bank Default Since 1996, he joined Bank of America and Union Bank of California, Citibank, Bank and Wells Fargo and Bank One Corporation (which issued the platform 135 million bid in One day during March 1999). As well as portal Lycos www.lycos.com began a partnership with the Bank of electronic mid-1999 and issued a credit card e-card (discount rate of 5%) and loans made on the line, and provides incentive awards for the first 100,000 account.
C - to provide banking services on behalf of: - Companies such as the sale and rental cars www.autobytel.com service provides free financing and compare interest rates on loans.
The overall project: -
Challenge in the field of banking industry e is in the content of the service and the ability to attract customers, but until now, the strategies marketing in this field to provide incentive programs along with programs to promote awareness, but the breadth of activity of some institutions than others due in fact to the comprehensiveness of services provided, The idea here, that the Bank's web site should allow the user to stay on the podium so to speak, because he moved to the sites of other service may not bring him back to the position of the bank, especially as many of the non-banking institutions offer banking services from its location directly, therefore the question arises, what is the Bank-mail destruction, to try to answer through the totalitarian tendencies of the institutions working in the field: -
A - Softbank through its subsidiaries is seeking the so-called universal service how???Bank is a subsidiary company (E-trade) and its www.etrade.com, and working in the field of brokerage, has followed the merger with a bank, insurance company and then with an electronic (ie, alliance financial, banking, insurance)
The Bank is a subsidiary of the other (e-loan) and its www.eloan.com working in the mortgage lending, has entered into a partnership with a European company to offer its services in Europe and the partnership with a Japanese company to offer its services in Asia.
B - a large bank mergers to provide a comprehensive e-services: -
We have gathered three of the major U.S. banks in their mid-1999 is, Chase Manhattan and First Union www.chasemanhatten.com www.firstunion.com www.wellsfargo.com, Wells Fargo has provided a single company for billing and payment services Tgaerha electronically, and in collaboration with Visa and Sun Microsystems provide services to sixty million customers individuals from around the world and 60 000 U.S. companies and institutions.
The practice of e-banking business - and those patterns.
The e-banking in a broad sense actually work practitioner and is located in various banking and financial institutions large and small, either sense the caller to the Internet, any electronic banking or banks for the Web, it is not an option because the other banks with the total stresses its importance.
The prevailing concepts and levels of wrong in determining to be banks, electronic, some banks set up a site induction for its services and its subsidiaries and only this, of course, does not enter this within the concept of electronic banking, has been observed that some Arab banks designed sites for a long time and what still on the same content, even without the development of material Card , as if to be is just a presence on the Internet, although this is not required nor is it the right strategy to align with the requirements of the times. Also, other banks merely an investment network for the movement of the banking services on the line, which was exercised without the network Kmzodat exchange and query accounts, etc., and also can not promise that such as electronic banking. And some of the banks found that the work on the network is just a service added to its services and the unity of extra added to the units administrative same technical infrastructure, rehabilitation, marketing, administrative and legal, and this and that was a entry to the worlds of work bank mail, it contrasts with the strategies that should be emanating from the work environment the default and not the physical and information environment, not assets.
And work bank electronic benefit from the interactive environment that will enable extension of the outside across the way are inherently global and provides twins with the wishes of the client, and also indicate the facts developed, the electronic banking in terms of style and content may be banks default in full, ie there is no realistic it on the ground, but the site dedicated to the service Banking Automated his clients and seeks to meet the requirements that fall into three packages, the first: - a package of services and banking operations normal, but over the network and without dealing physicist, and the second package investing activities and studies, related projects could be exercised over the network and meet the requirements of the direction and guidance and counseling, study investment The third package package is not a bank but a marketing package to the needs of other client, as services and to obtain insurance on the cards when you do not have a bank source, marketing and linking agents and suppliers of products, services, shipping and travel .... Etc.. If the packages first and second, practiced by conventional banks after the development of the concept of banking and the move to save money and serve to take over management and investment activities related to it. As for the third phase has Augptha strategy to keep the customer and keep it within the site and provide what is required is connected to the service banking, implemented either through subsidiaries of the bank or sites linked to it or through third parties associated with the location of the bank across the entrance is provided by the bank website and ensure that back again for the bank to complete the transaction banking associated with non-banking service. This represents a comprehensive concept of the bank's website, and is expressed in a number of researchers saying that the one-stop shopping, where you need not let you think by clicking the mouse to exit from the site.
1-1 of financial services on-line based on the idea of e-BankingThe term or the term e-Banking (Electronic Banking) or banks online (Internet Banking) as an advanced and comprehensive concepts that have emerged in the early nineties as a concept of financial services by remote control or electronic banking remotely (Remote Electronic Banking) or Bank home (Home Banking) or Bank on-line (Online Banking) or financial services Self (Self - Service Banking), all of which are expressions that relate to the fact that customers manage their accounts and completion of their work related to the bank through the home or office or anywhere else in the time that the customer wants, and is expressed in words (financial service in all the time and from any place), and the customer is usually related to its accounts at the bank and gain access to it and make what offered his service by a special line, and the evolution of the concept of this with the prevalence of the Internet as possible to the customer access through public participation via the Internet, but kept the idea of service financial remotely based on the presence of suitable software within the computer system, the customer, in the sense that the bank provides the client machine (PC PC) package of software - either for free or for a fee financial - and this enables it to carry out a certain distance (World DV), or was the customer receives a package of software required by purchase from the providers, and I knew these packages as software, financial management personal (Personal-Financial-management PFM), such as a package (Microsoft's Money) and the package (ntuits Quicken) and package (Meca's Managing Your Money), etc. This concept of services Finance is the distance expressed by the Bank and a realistic personal computer (PC banking) and a concept-based format is still the most common in the world of e-banking.1-2 the evolution of the idea of the service after the birth of electronic banking in its modern meaningIn the presence of the Internet and the popularity and the increase in users, and in light of the tremendous development in the techniques of computing and communication that have achieved rapid exchange and comprehensive information within the policy and plans flow smooth the data and the concept of information is on the line, and coincided with the investment of the Internet in the field of business mail within the concepts of e-business and e-commerce , and with the increasing reliance on computing systems in the management of activities and increasing the economic value of information as an entity moral Lamcy is selected strategic success in the sectors of business, finance, financial investment, in light of all that, the evolution of the concept of financial services on the line, turns to the idea than just the implementation of works by a special line and through the system software the client computer, to a bank to exist entirely on the network and contains its all software required for business banking, and on top of that evolution of the concept of banking to perform services for special financial accounts for the client to do the services of finance, financial consulting and investment services, trade and financial management, and others.
The electronic banking - also known as banks or online banks (Web) (Internet Banking or Web Banking) - despite its relationship to the PC, it did not take all the characteristics and content of the concept of Bank PC Advanced referred to, Valbermjiat running the bank's website is not in the system computer, the customer, and interest of so great The bank or provider software is not obliged to send new releases and sophisticated software for the client whenever developed, and can by virtue of that also introduces the client to the accounts and to the site of the bank and its services from any other system in any place or any time, not only through his computer on, as is the case in the idea of domestic bank or the bank on the line. Also, learn to use the software is no longer a requirement as a liability on the bank, the site allows it, and many of the sites software like provide such a definition, and above all, the bank via the Internet, or bank online, allowing entrances to the customer at sites allied or similar or complementary services, as sites card issuing and management of financial, or security of information exchanged, or certificates of contracting institutions, sites, documentation, or stock trading sites or any other sites offer any style or type of financial services or consulting the host through the bank or its partners.
And electronic banking in its modern meaning is not merely a branch of the Bank is based provides financial services, but also a site financially commercially administrative consultant a comprehensive, has an independent existence on the line, if deficit the bank itself about the performance of service of these frameworks solution was to resort to the linked sites that are usually contracted with them to the services through the same site the bank, but that one of the most important challenges of competition in the field of electronic banking that financial institutions offer online services were the preserve of banks in the traditional sense or sense to be in the legislation of banking regulation, and not surprising to find businesses or organizations of a marketing exercise Pursuant banking purely caused by their distinctive to manage the site of Mali on the network, and became a bank a real sense yet known whether it depends - through the lines associated with them - on the banks list, Some shopping sites-mail, as shops selling books, based on commercial banks accepted the enforcement of payment cash and the transfer of accounts, and found these companies the same after a while have the means to Cash technical, you can create rules of bank accounts, private clients, and give them within the policies of marketing facilities to meet their obligations towards it, and as they were not want contact with institutions doing business bank account is opened, and the granting of credit, Cash management, and transfer the money, and the issuance of credit cards for their customers and meet, among others. This - on the other - to create in front of the legislative institutions of the existing major challenge on the extent of allowing organizations to non-bank to do banking business, and whether the censorship rules and procedures assigned usually the institutions of banking supervision central banks and the like, apply to these institutions, along with the challenge of forcing these institutions to observe standards and rules prescribed by the banking supervision bodies.
Therefore, in accordance with the foregoing, the Bank refers to the electronic system that allows the customer access to accounts or any information they want and get the various banking products and services through a network of information related his computer or any other means.
1-3 in the patterns of electronic banking and services.
Not every site of the Bank on the Internet means a bank electronically, and will continue standard for determining the bank's website questionable in our environment that the Arab is setting the standard legislative disciplined in this field.
According to studies of global and specific studies of supervision and control points of the U.S. and Europe, there are three basic picture of the electronic banking on the Internet: -
First: - Location Information,Informational, the level of the main banks, electronic, or what might be called in a minimum of electronic banking activity, and through him, the bank provides information about its programs and its products and services.
Second: - interactive or communicationCommunicative site to allow some kind of communication exchange between the bank and its clients such as your e-mail and fill requests for forms or on-line or modify the information restrictions and accounts.
Third: - Cross-SiteTransactional and this is the level at which it can be said that the bank which shall exercise its services and activities in an electronic environment, which includes this image to allow the customer access to its accounts, management and make cash payments and to meet the value of bills and conduct all the services informative and make transfers between accounts within the bank or with third parties.
As we shall see, consequently, the review of the reality of the banking website, the majority of banks in the world have established one way or another sites information is of such promotional material, and turned most of the sites to use some means of interactive communication with the customer, as opposed to sites reciprocity, which is still trends banks so are subject to several considerations, this means the ability of sites to deal with customer service after banking and through the Internet, and perhaps this is what makes us stick to clarify it by saying that later that electronic banking is but the banks that fall within the third type of patterns developed.
The correct understanding of each level of the advanced levels required to stand on the services that intimate the bank in each level, are shown in Table No. 1 banking services for each type of species developed.
Table No. 11
Patterns and content of electronic banking services, including the approval of each styleInformation deliveryBasic interactivity levelIntermediary level of interactivityAdvanced interactivity levelElectronic brochureIntermediary level of interactivityUse customizing resourcesPromotional informationReport downloadsSome subscription optionWays for contact the bankRecruitment formsAdvertisementSpecial offer announcementsHot links to other sitesDiscussion groups.Banks use the Web to improve relationship with customersBasic interactivity levelIntermediary interactivity levelThe advanced level of interactivitye-mail and forms are the ways a client has to make suggestions and complainsadvising tools (as calculators, for example)More advanced technologies, such as videoconference,
The Web is a vehicle for the most common transactionsLowest level of interactivityIntermediary interactivity levelAdvanced level of interactivityOpening accountsA client can have access for information on accounts through balance and statementPromoting the use of some e-cash as a way to develop transactions through the Web.Requesting products and services.Fund transferCard requestsBill paymentsInvestment and credit applicationsClient has to have some access to the bank database
1-4 change the conviction on the basis of the security of Internet e-banks, the growing convictionFrom a short period ago we did not hear one recognizes that the Internet is a safe environment, and perhaps still we with to say that achieving an acceptable degree of security on the network has become the most important requirements of the twins with entitlements, and become the problem of information security is more severe for cash transfers in all its forms. However, the trend towards acceptance of the Internet medium of exchange is increasing day by day, perhaps because of the prevalence of attention to its security, and specifically through the creation growing in the field of the means of security, technical and information security, as well as attention to the legislative and regulatory framework to provide protection for data and information online, and, perhaps, because banks are major players entered the battle and gradually narrowing opportunities to choose between working on the network or stay outside, and moving the market factors and marketing strategies and management to invest online environment to work, because it occupies a place expands day by day in the field of commercial and financial activity.
That users are increasing their convictions verification level of security, but their choices will depend on the effectiveness of security measures, and here was the first challenge for policymakers is the information security and protect the workplace from intrusion of external and internal, and perhaps the more factors contribute to the trend towards the acceptance of financial transactions on the network emergence and the existence of insurance policies on the risks of doing business over the network, and we all know that as far as availability of insurance risk fading away the fear of winning, because the money is guaranteed, if not because of the imposed and required by insurance companies of the procedures the safety and security, thanks to the presence of compensation upon the fulfillment of the danger.
1-5 Why do electronic banking?????
That the customer need to get a solution to his problem and not view a present for him, this is the first finding, which is realizing the raison d'être of the bank's website, but the basis of his success, for this was the site of company E-Loan specialized lending-mail - for example - unique among all other sites-like and distinguishes it from the points of non-electronic lending, because it is not just a site that shows lending by technical means, but because it helps users to identify and account their needs and choices required to solve their problems and then offers a package of offers and services that are consistent with the desire and request of the client.
The first rule is that the wrong question about the required service outputs lead to false, which means that the building of the bank's website should be launched from the input is correct, if a customer asked us what is your bank, was the answer I want to make a payment on-line or other options I want on account checks his or I want to open adoption or, or I want to lending transaction fast, this question wrong for the future of work and excellence in service, but that we asked him, what is your problem that you want that offer a solution, perhaps the answer he was concerned the education of his children, or develop his business or afraid of retirement or so, and then the solution to what we offer in line with an integrated, comprehensive customer's request involves more than one service,That banks are non-electronic, provide part of the solutions to the problems of the customer, but does not provide comprehensive solutions or provide partial solutions Pklv high, if we know that the competition is tough in the labor market banking, and address of the universal service and the fastest cost at least, the electronic banking opportunity to achieve the rates the best to compete and survive in the market, simply, the conjecture that the bank's website just administration of the banking and financial accounts thought wrong, because the technique allows the customer itself to run such a business does not care about them, that the presence of the bank's website depends on its ability to shift to the site for information and place for a solution based on correct information , it's an institution for advice, and to open employment prospects, it's a place for investment opportunities and management, a place to service the financial fast cheapest to place for management excellence to the needs of the customer no matter how different, the place of what could be called, pause shopping one (One - stop shopping). As a Intuit Quicken. Com as the user notice that this site provides financial services and tax and advisory, investment and aggressive displays of comprehensive services converge with the requirements of customers to solve their problems.
Also, the trend towards Cash-mail associated with commerce sites and e-business provides a justification for the construction of electronic banking, insurance companies oil, aviation, hotels, ... etc going steady and confident about the payment across the line or electronic payment, which processes require - if not the company's website provides cash means of payment - the existence of bank accounts or the accounts of conversion or the like, and leave the arena without the presence of means paying sectors referred to the practice of acts of on-line to meet the financial needs that are not third-banking specialist.
And resort to electronic banking, resort to one of the means of competition and risks of competition anti, who is also the resort to provide comprehensive services shortly from a limited number of staff and meet cost less, considering that the bank's website provides the cost of the assets of the actual existence of the bank (headquarters, staff and expenses, branches, etc.) But we know that abundance in the cost of providing the service does not have to go back to the bank itself, it does not assess a difference between them and the services that are not electronic, so the electronic banking on the basis of other key is that the abundance in the cost of service revenue participatory between the bank and the customer, hence the allowances to provide service to the customer plays much less than for similar non-electronic services.
May not be true to say one of the most electronic banking researchers said the trend towards electronic banking inevitable directs a message to the traditional banks - as he calls it - content of the game is over, (Game is Over), in perhaps an exaggeration, it is still working banking - especially in his attempts catch up with technology and technology investment - in place and thriving, but the fear of dramatic developments in time are not available to us the ability nor the options for the twins with her, or perhaps we may then too late in light of the fact that the early presence on the network is an important success factors.
2 Orientation of financial transactions on the Internet and the reality of electronic bankingA study on the value of electronic banking conducted by the magazine Internet Arab World(Which is in two parts published on the spacing between them) that one of the surveys conducted by the company efunds, a company to transfer money electronically owned institution deluxe corporation "refers to the completion of banking business on the Web, is still very complicated, and that many of the clients what Zalo apprehensive in terms of security., says Matheolaolr, chief executives of the company Online Resources, which provides banking services online for about 400 companies in the United States: "This is a big problem, and there seems to be grumbling widely among consumers, who are demanding simplification of these services," and attracted the study Survey conducted by the company Delux, comments from 400 people to have a bank account immediately, or I look a desire to open accounts of this kind. said 365 people of whom (83 percent), that their dealings with banks across the Inter Net the best of their dealings with the conventional banks. It is the best benefits enjoyed by them, their ability to access their accounts during the four-hour, daily, and their ability to view account balances, and review of payroll movements they make to their account, immediately, in addition to their enjoyment of the service to pay their bills over the network and said 88 people (20 percent), from who participated in the study that they undertook the registration process, to get a bank account online, but they have not completed those actions. said 28 percent of them they do not trust the security of transactions instant and said 26 percent of those who have not completed the procedures for obtaining the accounts via the Internet, that this process requires print many forms, and mail or fax, and said 25 percent of them that the process of the deposit money is appropriate because it requires the deposit of paper checks. "and" the magazine said that "the results of a survey the other conducted by the Foundation pis global showed that 7% of U.S. homes harness services Internet Banking, an increase of 67% of what was the case in 1998, the study predicted that the proportion of U.S. households used online banking services to 20% in 2002. In spite of Manhattan's future integrated financial services over the Internet promises great success but the results of the study issues relating to remember that customer service still needs great efforts to improve it [the Arab World Internet Magazine - 4 page 17].
Does not stop financial transactions on the Internet in the range of banking relationships or dealings shopping in e-commerce environment, as their part to highlight the Securities and Exchange over the Internet, in theRecent years created a large number of companies and individuals own sites on the Internet in the field of activities, trading stocks (stock exchange), and origin in the Acts of mediation exercised by the points of the brokerage, for these bodies to commission instead of its services, which are in the online environment is lower than in the real world, and here show advantage of the exploitation of the Internet.
Another advantage is that the world of online stock market offered an opportunity of dealing and investment activities in such small amounts, thus opening the door for opportunities to invest capital funds are low.
2-1 trends in international banks in the field of electronic banking.
The analysis that we have had on the electronic banking sites in addition to research studies from different research institutions, which we refer to in more than one place of this chapter and we are dealing with in detail in the fourth book of this encyclopedia, show the following: -
Majority of the banks' websites on the Internet sites and is not identifiable information sites on-line banking services.There is a tendency for an international presence on the internet, but according to the strategic assessment, the mere presence Theonline is not intended to be as much as what is required of investment activity in this environment effectively and ably.That many of the Web sites of research provides entries inclusive of all banks' websites on the internet and this means the user's ability to move between these sites easily accessible to the best offers available, hence, the most important strategy in the reality of online banking is to be aware of in charge of it that everyone sees you and what you think outstanding may be normal for others.Is still the United States in the forefront of countries in the field of automation of banking, however, among the 10 thousand banks and financial institutions there are an estimated 3,500 site share some of many institutions, and that the search engines broader unable to bring in more than 30% of the these sites, search engines and almost repeated the names of about 20-30 is the site of major banks and some of the small banks, due to the success of these banks in the adoption of mechanisms to spread across global search engines allows different users to link to it better than other sites
The majority of sites referred to in the foregoing sites of knowledge and information, but will not take too short a transition to the sites of service relations interact directly with the customer, as it is in between 1997 and 2000 the percentage of the trend to interactive sites approximately 80% according to studies that we refer to it, consequently, .
Show summaries of research studies on the electronic banking in America, which covers the actual reality of this bank from 1997 until the end of 2000 - the most important conducted by the Administrator of National BanksComptroller of the Currency - to the growing trend towards building sites interactive electronic banks, and describes the following formats - which we see it provides sufficient clarification - A summary of this study. (See Figure 1 which shows the proportion of banks - according to their size - that have established positions on the Internet, and Figure 2 which shows the proportion of sites reciprocity among these banks, and plans for banks to provide interactive on-line, and Figure 3, which shows the growth in the proportion of sites reciprocity to the banks on electronic network referred to the source of these shapes demonstration)
2-2 business strategies of electronic banks, and the elements of success and failure
How do banks Alalktroyna??? It is practiced electronic banking, banks or others??? What are the banking services on the network and content trends and mechanisms??? What is the reality of work and electronic banking to the Arab network??? What are the requirements for successful work and elements of excellence? The answer to these questions require facts to stand in front of a digital research results to provide a structure for objective assessment and determine the answer: -
Facts about banking operations across the network: -
Internet is an interactive medium for the business environment in general, it is the user's perspective of the individual, a suitable environment for the completion of banking operations such as: - checking and personal checking accounts, pay bills .... Etc., and provides the user effortless transition and filling out forms and help to get rid of the requirements and the corresponding effort (physical) with the employee. Either from the perspective of the business, it means to reduce operational costs, and the founding of the branches and thus increase profits and reduce service charges customers to different processes and increase the benefits of filing and reduce the benefits of lending, and creating new programs and stimulate the services and attract customers and enter new markets.
The first bank default on the Internet Bank (Community Bank)Has grown its business from 1995 until now, an increase over the past year 717%.
In the opinion of the International Research Foundation www.idc.com that applications and software trading, electronic banking will serve as a ready-made recipe to help banks to enter the e-market banks and keep their customers. The total sales of ready-made packages 93,000,326 million in the years 98 and 99, respectively. In America alone, and signed a credit institution 1200 in 1998 Agreements supply of electronic software solutions, has increased to 7200 in 1999.
And electronic banking is not limited to banking institutions may even be the lead in projects due to the intervention points of non-bank to meet the needs of e-marketing practiced by their location, and who study the development of online market - so to speak - to find that sectors other than banking has entered a strong investment market in e-Banking , either by: -
A - direct investment. Such as: - Sony www.sony.com where the bank is set up provides lending services, credit, and company Softbank, which owns www.softbanck.com both www.yahoo.com and have Zdnet
And E-trade, and have nothing to do actual work bank has purchased a Japanese bank bankrupt (Nippon Credit Bank).
B - To provide service platforms for the trading bank such as: - America Online www.aol.com, which set up a Bank Default Since 1996, he joined Bank of America and Union Bank of California, Citibank, Bank and Wells Fargo and Bank One Corporation (which issued the platform 135 million bid in One day during March 1999). As well as portal Lycos www.lycos.com began a partnership with the Bank of electronic mid-1999 and issued a credit card e-card (discount rate of 5%) and loans made on the line, and provides incentive awards for the first 100,000 account.
C - to provide banking services on behalf of: - Companies such as the sale and rental cars www.autobytel.com service provides free financing and compare interest rates on loans.
The overall project: -
Challenge in the field of banking industry e is in the content of the service and the ability to attract customers, but until now, the strategies marketing in this field to provide incentive programs along with programs to promote awareness, but the breadth of activity of some institutions than others due in fact to the comprehensiveness of services provided, The idea here, that the Bank's web site should allow the user to stay on the podium so to speak, because he moved to the sites of other service may not bring him back to the position of the bank, especially as many of the non-banking institutions offer banking services from its location directly, therefore the question arises, what is the Bank-mail destruction, to try to answer through the totalitarian tendencies of the institutions working in the field: -
A - Softbank through its subsidiaries is seeking the so-called universal service how???Bank is a subsidiary company (E-trade) and its www.etrade.com, and working in the field of brokerage, has followed the merger with a bank, insurance company and then with an electronic (ie, alliance financial, banking, insurance)
The Bank is a subsidiary of the other (e-loan) and its www.eloan.com working in the mortgage lending, has entered into a partnership with a European company to offer its services in Europe and the partnership with a Japanese company to offer its services in Asia.
B - a large bank mergers to provide a comprehensive e-services: -
We have gathered three of the major U.S. banks in their mid-1999 is, Chase Manhattan and First Union www.chasemanhatten.com www.firstunion.com www.wellsfargo.com, Wells Fargo has provided a single company for billing and payment services Tgaerha electronically, and in collaboration with Visa and Sun Microsystems provide services to sixty million customers individuals from around the world and 60 000 U.S. companies and institutions.
The practice of e-banking business - and those patterns.
The e-banking in a broad sense actually work practitioner and is located in various banking and financial institutions large and small, either sense the caller to the Internet, any electronic banking or banks for the Web, it is not an option because the other banks with the total stresses its importance.
The prevailing concepts and levels of wrong in determining to be banks, electronic, some banks set up a site induction for its services and its subsidiaries and only this, of course, does not enter this within the concept of electronic banking, has been observed that some Arab banks designed sites for a long time and what still on the same content, even without the development of material Card , as if to be is just a presence on the Internet, although this is not required nor is it the right strategy to align with the requirements of the times. Also, other banks merely an investment network for the movement of the banking services on the line, which was exercised without the network Kmzodat exchange and query accounts, etc., and also can not promise that such as electronic banking. And some of the banks found that the work on the network is just a service added to its services and the unity of extra added to the units administrative same technical infrastructure, rehabilitation, marketing, administrative and legal, and this and that was a entry to the worlds of work bank mail, it contrasts with the strategies that should be emanating from the work environment the default and not the physical and information environment, not assets.
And work bank electronic benefit from the interactive environment that will enable extension of the outside across the way are inherently global and provides twins with the wishes of the client, and also indicate the facts developed, the electronic banking in terms of style and content may be banks default in full, ie there is no realistic it on the ground, but the site dedicated to the service Banking Automated his clients and seeks to meet the requirements that fall into three packages, the first: - a package of services and banking operations normal, but over the network and without dealing physicist, and the second package investing activities and studies, related projects could be exercised over the network and meet the requirements of the direction and guidance and counseling, study investment The third package package is not a bank but a marketing package to the needs of other client, as services and to obtain insurance on the cards when you do not have a bank source, marketing and linking agents and suppliers of products, services, shipping and travel .... Etc.. If the packages first and second, practiced by conventional banks after the development of the concept of banking and the move to save money and serve to take over management and investment activities related to it. As for the third phase has Augptha strategy to keep the customer and keep it within the site and provide what is required is connected to the service banking, implemented either through subsidiaries of the bank or sites linked to it or through third parties associated with the location of the bank across the entrance is provided by the bank website and ensure that back again for the bank to complete the transaction banking associated with non-banking service. This represents a comprehensive concept of the bank's website, and is expressed in a number of researchers saying that the one-stop shopping, where you need not let you think by clicking the mouse to exit from the site.
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